03-17-2005, 03:29 AM
This is a report for my psych class, does it sound good? >_>
Albert Bandura
Albert Bandura was born on December 4th, 1925 in Mundare Alberta. He earned his education within an elementary school which was also a high school. Once he finished high school Albert worked for a summer in Alaska filling potholes. In 1949 Albert received his bachelor?s degree in Psychology from the University of B.C. Three years later he acquired a Ph.D. at the University of Iowa. Albert married his wife Virginia Varns, a nursing instructor, not long afterward, they had two daughters together. In 1953 he moved on to teach at Stanford University, he is still working there to this day. Albert and a colleague of his, Richard Walters, wrote a book in 1959 called Adolescent Aggression. He created an interesting theory based on personality and behavior.
Theory
Albert once said that ?Human nature is characterized as a vast potentiality that can be fashioned by direct and vicarious experience into a variety of forms within biological limits.? Bandura stresses that humans are cognitive beings, and that we are like active information processors. This means that we are more likely to act based on what we believe will happen, rather than from actual experience. Albert developed the concept of reciprocal determinism; we are both shaped by our environment and shape it as well.
Albert looked as personality as an interaction among three things: the environment, behavior, and the person?s psychological processes. These processes consist of our ability to picture images within our minds, as well as language. When Bandura began to introduce imagery he no longer became known as a strict behaviorist, he became a cognitivist and he is considered the father of the cognitivist movement.
Bandua developed the theory that people often act the way they do because of models. In one experiment he showed a film of a woman beating up a ?bobo doll? to a group of young children. The woman acted aggressive and the children liked it. When the children were let out to play, a bobo doll was put into the playroom; they imitated how the woman had acted in the film. He called the occurrence observational learning or modeling, and his theory is usually called social learning theory.
Bandura established that there were certain steps involved in the modeling process: Attention, Retention, Reproduction, and motivation.
In order to learn properly you must be paying attention. Any kind of distraction can limit how much you take in, such as feeling groggy, sick, hyper and nervous. If you aren?t paying full attention you aren?t learning everything completely. The things that influence attention are usually involved in the characteristics of the model. If a model is dramatic, colorful, and attractive or resembles the person, they will pay more attention. Bandura took in these variables and was directed towards television and how it affects children.
People will see models and retain what they do and say. We use imagery and store the information so that we can later bring it up. We remember what the models had done and reproduce it with our own behavior.
We often daydream about what others have done; only we are in their place. If you don?t know how to ice skate, you could not copy the moves and jumps that they do. It is believed though that if you could skate you could improve your ability by watching how others do it. Many athletes look into their minds eye and improve themselves.
We can not do any of this, though, unless we are motivated. Bandura mentioned a number of motives that people use. Past reinforcement is based off of traditional behaviorism. Promised reinforcements are of incentives that we can imagine. Vicarious reinforcements are seeing and recalling the model being reinforced. These are considered traditional; they are considered the things that cause learning. Bandura sees them as motives.
Albert Bandura
Albert Bandura was born on December 4th, 1925 in Mundare Alberta. He earned his education within an elementary school which was also a high school. Once he finished high school Albert worked for a summer in Alaska filling potholes. In 1949 Albert received his bachelor?s degree in Psychology from the University of B.C. Three years later he acquired a Ph.D. at the University of Iowa. Albert married his wife Virginia Varns, a nursing instructor, not long afterward, they had two daughters together. In 1953 he moved on to teach at Stanford University, he is still working there to this day. Albert and a colleague of his, Richard Walters, wrote a book in 1959 called Adolescent Aggression. He created an interesting theory based on personality and behavior.
Theory
Albert once said that ?Human nature is characterized as a vast potentiality that can be fashioned by direct and vicarious experience into a variety of forms within biological limits.? Bandura stresses that humans are cognitive beings, and that we are like active information processors. This means that we are more likely to act based on what we believe will happen, rather than from actual experience. Albert developed the concept of reciprocal determinism; we are both shaped by our environment and shape it as well.
Albert looked as personality as an interaction among three things: the environment, behavior, and the person?s psychological processes. These processes consist of our ability to picture images within our minds, as well as language. When Bandura began to introduce imagery he no longer became known as a strict behaviorist, he became a cognitivist and he is considered the father of the cognitivist movement.
Bandua developed the theory that people often act the way they do because of models. In one experiment he showed a film of a woman beating up a ?bobo doll? to a group of young children. The woman acted aggressive and the children liked it. When the children were let out to play, a bobo doll was put into the playroom; they imitated how the woman had acted in the film. He called the occurrence observational learning or modeling, and his theory is usually called social learning theory.
Bandura established that there were certain steps involved in the modeling process: Attention, Retention, Reproduction, and motivation.
In order to learn properly you must be paying attention. Any kind of distraction can limit how much you take in, such as feeling groggy, sick, hyper and nervous. If you aren?t paying full attention you aren?t learning everything completely. The things that influence attention are usually involved in the characteristics of the model. If a model is dramatic, colorful, and attractive or resembles the person, they will pay more attention. Bandura took in these variables and was directed towards television and how it affects children.
People will see models and retain what they do and say. We use imagery and store the information so that we can later bring it up. We remember what the models had done and reproduce it with our own behavior.
We often daydream about what others have done; only we are in their place. If you don?t know how to ice skate, you could not copy the moves and jumps that they do. It is believed though that if you could skate you could improve your ability by watching how others do it. Many athletes look into their minds eye and improve themselves.
We can not do any of this, though, unless we are motivated. Bandura mentioned a number of motives that people use. Past reinforcement is based off of traditional behaviorism. Promised reinforcements are of incentives that we can imagine. Vicarious reinforcements are seeing and recalling the model being reinforced. These are considered traditional; they are considered the things that cause learning. Bandura sees them as motives.
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DA08 Winner. "Screw them, this was her show now."
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